Git tips
While some of this information repeats documentation that is already available on GitHub Help, we thought it might be useful to collect and publish some of the most relevant information.
Forking Opps
Assuming you have already set up Git, the first step is to navigate to the Opps project page and select the Fork button at top-right.
Next, clone your fork (replace GH-USER with your GitHub username):
git clone https://github.com/GH-USER/opps.git
This adds a "remote" for your fork called "origin". Add the canonical Opps project as an additional remote called "upstream":
cd opps
git remote add upstream https://github.com/opps/opps.git
Making your changes
Create and switch to a new branch to house your feature or bugfix (replace newfeaturebranch with an appropriate name):
git fetch upstream
git checkout -b newfeaturebranch upstream/master
Once you are satisfied with your changes, run the tests and check coding standards:
make test
Once the tests all pass and you are comfortable that your code complies with the suggested coding standards, add and commit your changes:
git add changedfile1 changedfile2
git commit
Push your new branch, and the commit(s) within, to your fork:
git push origin newfeaturebranch
Issuing a pull request
Read the GitHub pull request documentation first. Then navigate to your
Opps fork at https://github.com/GH-USER/opps, select the new branch from the drop-down, and select "Pull Request". Enter a title and description
for your pull request, review the proposed changes using the "Commits" and "Files Changed" tabs, and select "Send pull request".
If someone reviews your contribution and ask you to make more changes, do so and then rebase to upstream master:
git checkout newfeaturebranch
git fetch upstream
git rebase -p upstream/master
When prompted, include a relevant commit message, describing all your changes. Finally, push your changes via:
git push --force origin newfeaturebranch
Squashing commits
If you are asked to squash your commits:
git checkout newfeaturebranch
git fetch upstream
git rebase upstream/master
git rebase -i
When prompted, mark your initial commit with pick, and all your follow-on commits with squash.
Then edit the commit message to make sense, taking out any extraneous information and succinctly describing your changes. Finally, push your changes via:
git push --force origin newfeaturebranch